History:
The outstanding facts are presented by great periods while overlooking some
historical events. The matter is not to make a guidebook but a synthesis.
I Origins:
-- By 10.000 BC the plateau of Korat and the valley of
Mekong River were already inhabited,-- By 4.200 BC the civilization of Ban
Chiang and Ban Prasat in the North-East of Thailand was the oldest to
cultivate rice, well before the Chinese, and to produce bronze, of better
quality that Mesopotamia, thanks to the presence of tin,The Thais belong to
the ethnic group of the Austro Thai which were nomadic from south of China,
Guangxi and Yunnan, to Dien Bien Phu in Vietnam.
--From 3rd to 2nd century BC at the time of Asoka the area accepted
missionaries coming from India accompanying by the merchants who diffused
Buddhism of the school of Theravada – Hinayana, lower vehicle It was the
beginning of the indianisation of the South-East Asia along the coasts towards
China in the south. This acculturation is attested by Buddhist sculptures of
Gupta influence.
The towns of Suphanburi and U-Thong were hearths of diffusion of Theravada
Buddhism,
--As of 8th century AD, significant groups of Kadai Thais migrated from the
south of China and Vietnam towards the valley of Mekong River and Chao Phraya
River.
--From 6th to the 10th century, the town of Nakhon Pathom was the centre of
the Kingdom of Dvarati whose principal ethnos group was “Mon”.
--From 9th to the 11th century central Thailand was managed by the Khmer
kingdom of Angkor. The towns of Lopburi, Sukhothai and Pimai were connected by
roads to Angkor.
Thailand of the south and the north of the Malayan peninsula were under
control of the Srivijaya Empire whose capital was Palembang, Sumatra.
--From 13th tot the 14th century the Kingdom of Sukhothai was creates in 1238
with the favour of the decline of the Khmer kingdom of Angkor and with the
weakness of the empire of Srivijaya. The Thai historians regard Sukhothai as
the first Thai Kingdom of the History.
--From 14th to the 18th century emergence of the Kingdom of Ayuthaya annexing
Khmer Sukhothai and the territories. 400 years of being able and 34 kings
followed one another until 1767 not without some competitions with the
powerful kingdom of Burma which ransacked somen cities.
--In 1782 General Chao Phraya Chakri seized the power; it was the first king
of the Chraki dynasty which always reigns in Thailand.
Chakri followed a policy of independence with respect to the colonial powers
of Europe by conceding territories with English, north of the Malayan
peninsula, and with French in the east of Mekong River for Laos and the return
of Angkor and Battambang to Cambodia. Thailand was never colonized. The same
policy of concession made it possible to avoid the Japanese carnage from 1941
to 1945.
Since 1932 Thailand was the theatre of 18 military coups d'etat without
bloodshed passing from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional monarchy as in
the United Kingdom. For a Westerner the internal policy is not very readable.
A recent coup d'etat took place in September 2008.
II Facts:
I already mentioned that the shape of Thailand
resembles a head of elephant whose surface is slightly lower than that of
France for an equivalent population.
The population is composed:
-- Thai 75% of which 95% are Buddhist Theravada school
-- 11% of Chinese coming from Hainan and Canton practicing the Chinese
trilogy, Buddhism and Confucianism, Taoism,
-- 3,5% the Malayan one in the south at the border of Malaysia are Moslem,
-- 10,5% come from Vietnam, of Kampuchea, of Laos as well as mountain tribes
and finally some Europeans whose majority have more than fifty years and a
banking account required by Thai Immigration. |
I Team:
No change, MAN truck and its Guy driver.
II Journey:
Thailand was visited on five journeys of which two
were required by an outward journey and return in Europe to make the cell of
my truck repaired.
2.1 the trip:
The first was a grand trip of Thailand from the
border of Malaysia to the border of Cambodia.
The second and the third consisted in heading back to Cambodia.
The fourth visited the North-East starting from South Laos towards North Laos.
Finally the fifth and last journey proceeded in extreme north starting from
Laos then to head to Malaysia.
2.2 The road network:
The road network is of good quality. However main roads used by trucks have
the left lane of very embossed. Sign posted are readable; it is generally
subtitled in English. Roads with one and two numeric digits
are Primary Highway, with three digits Secondary Highway and with four digits Provincial Highway.
2.3 Thai drivers:
As in Malaysia Thai driver respects the highway
code. Although they drive at a high speed trucks and coaches are free from
criticisms. Two negative remarks relate to pollution, on the one hand exhaust
fumes of trucks and buses and on the other hand sound as well of cars as of
motorcycles. As in Malaysia vehicles are modified with the installation of
noisy exhaust; for young people it is a game, vroum, vroum.
Road controls are frequent for local people.
2.4 The insurance of the vehicle:
The insurance is compulsory, it is requested from
crossing of the border. But on the way I was never controlled.
The Carnet de Passage en Douane -CPD- is not recognized; the customs write
“Simplified Customs Declaration Forms” with the CPD! and according to the
checkpoint two additional documents.
2.5 Various facts:
On more than 13,000 kilometres I attended no road accident.
III bivouacs:
As everywhere else bivouacs were easy to find in
open country or on seashore. But downtown it was often a stroke of luck,
to see Bangkok and Chang Rai. I did not encounter any problem of safety;
during the night I slept with open windows and door to ventilate the cell. The
temperature seldom went down in lower part from 27°C.
The table of the
Campsite-position
gives waypoints of all my bivouacs as well as mileage between each stage.
IV Supplies of food:
I point out that I did not cook. Midday I lunched on
the way at “local Truck drivers” or in cities in “Food Stalls”. “Day-markets” and “Night-markets” offer all essential foodstuffs; fruits are abundant.
There are in Thailand nearly 5000 “7/Eleven” and often in the service stations
on main highways. They are well supplied out of sliced bread for toasts.
Moreover great cities have outside the hypermarkets “Tesco Lotus” where milk UHT is found, Corn Flakes, meat, pork-butchery and cheeses etc
V Fluids:
Diesel is present in all the service stations; of course the price moved with
ups & downs of the barrel. Water is normally
available in the service stations. Only Adaman Coast caused me some trouble
because water came from a tank!
VI Money:
All banks have ATM's accepting Visa card, very often
Master Card but seldom AMEX. HSBC bank was present only in Bangkok.
VII Guides:
I never took of guide to visit sites. I had Lonely Planet guide book, Lp.
VIII Passport, visa, border crossing:
One of the characteristics of the countries in the South-East Asia, except
Vietnam, is obtaining a VOA, 30 day visa on
arrival. Alas reduced to 15 days since the last military putsch.In Thailand
the VOA can be extended for a maximum 10 day duration reduced to 7 days. Alas
with a vehicle and “Simplified Customs Declaration Form” – SCDF- it is
impossible. Another possibility is to leave Thailand and to return with a new
VOA and a new SCDF; but up to 90 days maximum then there are necessary to
remain 90 days out of Thailand. It is also possible to have an annual visa if
it one proves that one has financial resources, but never with a vehicle.
Crossing of borders is reported by the
Information page.
IX My appreciation:
9.1 I liked:
-- Welcoming of the population, its courtesy, its
discretion, not of invasion as in India,
-- I with pleasure revisited Thai temples whose architecture is a heritage of
the Buddhist art adapted to the resplendent tropical climate of colours under
the sun,
-- Landscapes in North and many parks.
9.2 I hated:
-- In the south loudspeakers of mosques and
detonators during Ramadan – September 2008,
-- Pollution in any kind in Bangkok and the massacre of the city by express ways,
-- Electric wire of which the height is indicated in the cities -from 4,5 m
to 6,0 m-, alas in countryside they hang sometimes prohibiting the access to
a campsite,
-- I often fled the music thundering with the low ones from vehicles on the
beaches or campsites,
-- Mature westerners come to have an old age stick. I did not head to Pattaya
high place of the prostitution heritage of the American army during the Second
Indochina War.
X Relevance of this trip by camper:
As I mentioned above the road network is in general of good quality except
some roads in the north of the country. The classical motor homes can travel everywhere
in so far as the overhang, angle of escape, is not excessive and that the load index
of the tyres matches at least to the weight of the vehicle. |